Transistors : Physicality

Question: In photolithography, how they manage to etch billions of transistors on silicon wafer with precise details

also, how do they even come up with the right arrangement and connections for this larger quantity of transistors.

The History of Silicon: From Sand to Silicon Wafers

POINT CONTACT TRANSISTOR, 1947: Bell Labs, 1st Transistor, (BARDEEN, SHOCKLEY & BRATTAIN)

Was the germanium behaviour of amplifying the applied signal a predicted result, or it was just discovering a natural phenomenon.

What Followed the Discovery of the First Transistor?

Construction of The 1st BJT in 1951

1949: 1st Junction Transistor made by SPARKS

M1752 Commercial Junction Transistors : 1951

1952: Microwatt Junction Transistor

1971: Construction of 1st Microprocessor, INTEL 4004

Mask Alignment & UV Exposure Process in Optical Lithography (Intel 4004, 1971)